P2 - Contribución a la gestión integrada del agua

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repositorio.ucb.edu.bo/handle/20.500.12771/83

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Start date: 2019End date: 2019

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    Evaluación de la calidad del agua de la quebrada cabeza de toro, Provincia Cercado-Tarija, empleando criterios fisicoquímicos, ecotoxicológicos y bióticos.
    (2019-10) Angulo Reyes, M. Rosalva; Segovia Segovia, Álvaro; Ossio Orosco, Luis
    The quality of surface water is determined due to the physicochemical parameters and their compliance with the national regulation, these limits do not necessarily consider the accumulated effects of the contamination on the organisms and the aquatic ecosystem. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the need to include toxicity studies and biotic indicators as a complement to the physicochemical analysis taking as a case study the Cabeza de Toro ravine, in District 10 of the Municipality of Cercado in Tarija, Bolivia. Bioassays were performed using the Tox Track™ method, the inhibition of bacterial respirometric activity was determinate. Four of the six points tested showed a degree of inhibition within the expected, the inhibition degree of the municipal slaughterhouse effluent and the mixture of this with the effluent of the tanneries exceeds 100% of negative inhibition degree. In the germination test, the inhibition in seeds of Allium cepa in sediment samples was determinate, the level of toxicity was determined thru normalized germination index IGN, showing a very high toxicity level. The correlation of toxicity levels with the physicochemical parameters, exhibit a strong negative correlation between the iron concentration and toxicity. The biotic index could not be calculated, considering no organisms were found as described in the guide for the evaluation of benthic organisms.
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    Base de datos hidrogeológicos enfocada al modelamiento de aguas subterráneas en San José de Chiquitos. Santa Cruz, Bolivia
    (2019-10) Guzmán Rojo, Mónica Ximena; Añez Melgar, Fabiana
    La confiabilidad y validez de los estudios hidrogeológicos dependen en gran medida de la disponibilidad de un gran volumen de datos integrados en una estructura que permita construir los modelos, ejecutar simulaciones y que sea amigable con el usuario. Lo anterior, constituye la mejor herramienta para la toma de decisiones sobre manejo de aguas subterráneas. Con esta meta se construyó en la región de San José de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, la primera base de datos hidrogeológica, en un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) que integra la información topográfica, meteorológica, hidrogeológica e hidrogeoquímica del municipio, y que cuenta con las condiciones para vincularse al software de modelación MODFLOW y realizar simulaciones numéricas de flujo subterráneo. A la fecha, la información del acuífero y del monitoreo que nutre la base de datos es limitada, sin embargo, su continua generación puede actualizarla y consecuentemente mejorar la simulación de diferentes escenarios de modelación que apoyen la toma de decisiones en el manejo de agua. Este proyecto constituye la primera fase de la tesis doctoral de “Manejo sustentable del acuífero de San José de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz, Bolivia”, que se desarrolla en el marco del proyecto “Contribución a la gestión integrada del agua en Bolivia”, realizado por la Universidad Católica Boliviana, en coordinación con la Universidad Libre de Bruselas, Bélgica. La meta de esta investigación es desarrollar un modelo numérico en MODFLOW introduciendo elementos conceptuales y subrutinas que hagan fácil su ejecución por parte del usuario a través de ArcGIS. The reliability and validity of hydrogeological studies depend mainly on the availability of a large volume of data integrated in a structure that allows the models to be built, simulations to run and be user friendly. The above is the best tool for decision making on groundwater management. With this goal, the first hydrogeological data base was built in the region of San José de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, in a geographic information system (GIS) that integrates the topographic, meteorological, hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical information of the municipality, and that has the conditions to be linked to the modeling software MODFLOW and perform numerical simulations of groundwater. To date, the aquifer and monitoring information that feeds the database is limited, however, its continuous generation can update it and consequently improve the simulation of different modeling scenarios that support decision making in water management. This project constitutes the first phase of the doctoral thesis of "Sustainable management of the aquifer of San José de Chiquitos, Santa Cruz, Bolivia", which is developed within the framework of the "Contribution to integrated water management in Bolivia" project, carried out by the Bolivian Catholic University, in coordination with the Free University of Brussels, Belgium. The goal of this research is to develop a numerical model in MODFLOW by introducing conceptual elements and subroutines that make it easy for the user to execute through ArcGIS.
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    Transdisciplinary Learning Communities to Involve Vulnerable Social Groups in Solving Complex Water-Related Problems in Bolivia
    (2019-02-22) Agramont, Afnan; Craps, Marc; Balderrama, Melina; Huysmans, Marijke
    Bolivia has influenced the international water arenas as a pioneer of the Human Water RightsDeclarationbeforetheUnitedNationsGeneralCouncil. However,despiteapositivebutrather ideologicalevolution,thecountryisstillfacingseveralwaterchallengesinpractice. Watergovernance is extremely complex due to intricate social structures, important spatial and temporal differences in the availability of water resources, ecological fragility, and weak institutions. A Transdisciplinary Learning Community approach has been adopted by the Universidad Católica Boliviana to take into account the complexity of the water problems caused by social, hydrological, and ecological system imbalances. In this approach, researchers and non-academic actors work closely together to integrate different ways of conceiving, using, valuing, and deciding on water issues. The approach aims at co-creating resilient solutions by recovering and restoring not only the ecological system, but also the social system in which all actors are aware of their role and responsibility. We explain the challenges and concerns raised by this approach in a case study of the Katari River Basin (KRB), whichisimpactedbyahighdegreeofcontaminationthatismainlycausedwhilecrossingElAltocity, leading to dramatic consequences for the Lake Titicaca ecosystem and its surrounding communities.