PROYECTO CReA VLIR-UOS

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    Navigating ambiguous waters: a relational approach to nested conflicts in the Katari River Basin, Bolivia
    (2025-05) Agramont, Afnan; Villlafuerte Philippsborn, Leonardo D.; Peres-Cajias, Guadalupe; Baltodano Martinez, Analy; Van Griensven, Ann; Craps, Marc; Brugnach, Marcela F.
    The Katari River Basin, the most densely populated basin in Bolivia, discharges into Lake Titicaca, the world’s highest navigable lake and a crucial water resource in the Andes. Despite its significance, the basin suffers from severe water contamination because of anthropogenic activities. This pollution adversely affects water quality, distribution, and availability, exacerbating the region’s vulnerability to the impacts of climate change at high elevations. In response to these challenges, the Bolivian government established a multi-stakeholder platform. However, this platform reveals complex water conflict dynamics linked to ambiguity associated with different ways of knowing, framing, and coping with water pollution issues. This study examines how relational practices are linked to managing ambiguity and addressing nested water conflicts. Relational practices are communication-based practices by which the involved actors shape and develop mutual and shared sense-making relationships. Our findings reveal that current relational practices hinder their ability to collaboratively address ambiguities, leaving underlying water conflicts unresolved. Moreover, they indicate that ambiguity is managed by imposing a singular frame, reinforced by the significant power asymmetries within the multi-stakeholder platform, strengthening the dynamics of water conflicts. We conclude that dealing with ambiguity through high-quality relational practices could facilitate the recognition and resolution of water conflicts, potentially improving clarity, communication, and advancing collaborative problem-solving among stakeholders
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    Compendio Socio-Economómico Productivo de Comunidades Indígenas Chiquitanas e Interculturales del Municipio de San José De Chiquitos
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2024-12) Gómez Vargas, Zorel; Mariscal Méndez, Mónica; Benavides López, Jean Paul
    Para entender la seguridad alimentaria a nivel hogar en una determinada zona de estudio, es fundamental caracterizar previamente las principales características socioeconómicas y productivas de la misma. Tener un entendimiento sistémico de la seguridad alimentaria se ha convertido en una prioridad, especialmente en países en desarrollo como Bolivia. Sin embargo, para alcanzar este entendimiento real, es imperativo contar con datos primarios que nos permitan describir estos sistemas alimentarios con precisión. A pesar de contar con un censo agrícola desde 2013 y un reciente censo de población y vivienda realizado en 2024, en Bolivia carecemos de datos primarios actuales que nos permitan caracterizar a detalle la realidad de nuestros sistemas alimentarios. Las tierras bajas, constantemente expuestas a shocks como crisis climáticas, deforestación, incendios forestales y avasallamientos, representan una zona de estudio especialmente atractiva. Esta región requiere de investigadores conocedores del contexto boliviano que aporten con conocimiento científico pertinente para abordar problemáticas complejas como la seguridad alimentaria y el cambio climático. El trabajo que presentamos en este compendio, realizado en el marco del Subproyecto #3 y de la tesis doctoral UFOSE (Understanding Food Systems and Food Security at Lowlands in Bolivia) va más allá de un levantamiento primario de datos y la aplicación de estadística descriptiva. Este estudio se destaca porque ha involucrado profundamente el conocimiento y la experticia tanto de comunarios Indígenas Chiquitanos como Interculturales del Municipio de San José de Chiquitos. Estos actores locales han acompañado de cerca este trabajo desde su formulación, recolección, análisis y validación de los resultados aquí presentados. No pudiéramos estar más agradecidos con las personas que nos han acompañado en este proceso. Las autoridades de la Central de Comunidades Indígenas Chiquitanas Turubó Oeste y Este, las autoridades de la Central Sindical Única de Trabajadores Campesinos de Bolivia – Tigres Chiquitanos, las autoridades Municipales de San José de Chiquitos, los caciques de cada comunidad participante del estudio, los padres y madres de familia que participaron de las encuestas, entrevistas y grupos focales, y los académicos del proyecto CReA. La colaboración de todos ha sido vital para el desarrollo de este estudio y para la generación de conocimientos que esperamos contribuyan a la mejora de la seguridad alimentaria y la resiliencia de nuestras comunidades frente a los desafíos actuales.
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    Primer informe sobre la composición de género de la comunidad académica de la Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo" - UCB Sedes La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz y Tarija Gestión 2023
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2024) Wanderley, Fernanda; Lafuente Luizaga, Alejandra Arleth
    Este informe es producto del componente Género del Proyecto CREA cuyo propósito es promover la equidad de género dentro de la comunidad universitaria de la Universidad Católica Boliviana “San Pablo” (UCB). En este, se analiza la composición de género de la comunidad académica de la (UCB) en tres ejes: autoridades y personal administrativo, plantel docente y comunidad estudiantil en la gestión 2023. El documento subraya que la equidad de género no solo es un imperativo ético, sino también un factor esencial para la excelencia académica y el desarrollo integral de la comunidad universitaria. La integración de la igualdad de género en los procesos educativos y organizacionales mejora la calidad del entorno académico, promueve la creatividad y establece un ambiente de trabajo y estudio justo. A través de este análisis, la UCB establece una línea base que permitirá realizar un seguimiento constante de la equidad de género en todos sus niveles, con el fin de desarrollar estrategias de intervención más efectivas. Finalmente, el informe destaca los avances logrados por la UCB en cuanto a equidad de género, pero también señala desafíos en las sedes y niveles jerárquicos. Las recomendaciones incluyen la implementación de programas de sensibilización, capacitación y mentoría, así como la revisión de los procesos de contratación y promoción. El monitoreo continuo será esencial para ajustar las políticas y asegurar que la UCB siga avanzando hacia un entorno más inclusivo y equitativo.
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    Entrepreneurial Intention towards F Commerce in Southern Bolivia: A Study Via Structural Equations
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2023-07-19) Loaiza-Torres, Jose; Apaza-Coro, Omar Freddy; Carvache-Franco, Orly; Miranda-Azurduy, Franz Ariel; Mendoza-Osuna, Henry Mauricio; Carvache-Franco, Mauricio; Carvache-Franco, Wilmer
    The intention of young people to undertake can be important to contribute to the development of the economy of a country, in this sense, the objective of the present investigation has been to determine the relationships of the latent variables that influence the entrepreneurial intention towards f commerce., for which a quantitative methodology was applied via PLS-SEM structural equations. A questionnaire was applied to 100 young people between the ages of 16 and 29 who live in the southern region of Bolivia. The results explain that the intention to form a company using Facebook is explained by 65.2%, being the variable that most influences the attitude, followed by the variable subjective norm and in third place the behavioral control. The main contribution of the research is the identification of the main variables that influence the intention to undertake f commerce, generating useful information to formulate strategies either from the public or private sphere to promote the creation or strengthening of businesses using the Facebook social network. © 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.
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    University entrepreneurship ecosystems and lines of research
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2024) Loaiza-Torres, Jose; Mariano, Ari Melo
    The study aims to provide an understanding of university entrepreneurship ecosystems and the main lines of research, for which the Theory of Meta-Analytic Consolidated Approach (TEMAC) was used. The results indicate that the United States, United Kingdom and Italy are the countries with the highest scientific production and the main research areas are Business and Social Sciences. The analysis of citations, co-citations and bibliographic linkage reveals the most cited authors and the predominant research fronts, these being Innovation ecosystems at the base of the population pyramid, university entrepreneurship ecosystems, types of entrepreneurship, moderating or mediating role of ecosystem actors on entrepreneurship. The study highlights the influence of entrepreneurship ecosystems on entrepreneurship and types of entrepreneurs. © 2024, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.
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    Eroding Traditional Ecological Knowledge. A Case Study in Bolivia
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2022-11-24) Gruberg, Helga; Dessein, Joost; D´Haese, Marijke; Alba, Eliana; Benavides, Jean Paul
    Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) adjusts to changes in its socioecological system (SES). We focus on understanding if and how TEK´s spiritual, social, and ecological aspects relate to each other and examine the main socioecological factors that impact the transmission of TEK within and across generations. Based on quantitative and qualitative data on traditional weather forecasting in rural Bolivia, we found four factors affecting TEK’s dissemination: formal education, migration, a new religion, and the politicization of rural unions. Despite the slow disappearance of TEK, we also found that hybrid knowledge reinforces interest in TEK.
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    Multi-Criteria Prioritization ofWatersheds for Post-Fire Restoration Using GIS Tools and Google Earth Engine: A Case Study from the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2023-10-11) Fernandez, Jeanne; Maillard, Oswaldo; Uyuni, Gerson; Guzmán-Rojo, Mónica; Escobar, Marisa
    The Santa Cruz department in Bolivia is characterized by a wide range of ecosystems and by its richness in water resources. In recent years, extended drought caused by climate change has led to extensive fire events. Combined with deforestation, this is resulting in the degradation of the region’s ecosystems and water resources. To address restoration needs from both a land- and water-management perspective, this study proposes to prioritize restoration areas by applying a multicriteria analysis (MCA) based on two main principles: (1) using the watershed as the main study unit and (2) involving stakeholders in the definition of priority watersheds. Local stakeholders selected criteria representing water resources, biophysical characteristics, land management, productive areas, and fire disaster threats, and reclassified the spatial information based on perceived importance. Different prioritization scenarios were developed and compared in a Google Earth Engine (GEE) application. Priority restoration areas largely depend on the weighting scheme. Focusing solely on past fires leads to prioritizing the south-east basins, while the conservation of the western watersheds becomes more important when increasing the weight of the water resources criteria. This study represents the first step in developing a participatory MCA tool at the watershed scale in Santa Cruz. Highlighting the impact of different prioritization criteria can support collective decision-making around land and watershed restoration.
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    Determinación de poblaciones vulnerables en sectores críticos de la Cuenca del Río Rocha en Bolivia
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2023) Avendaño-Acosta, Nithya; Alvizuri-Tintaya, Paola Andrea; Lo-Iacono-Ferreira, Vanesa Gladys
    Rivers are ecosystems that are constituted as indicators of environmental quality thanks to the different types of environmental, and socioeconomic services they offer. Due to the constant expansion of cities, the pollution of rivers is becoming increasingly critical, especially in those rivers that cross or are close to urban centers. In developing countries, such as Bolivia, rivers are an accessible and invaluable source of water for use and consumption, so preserving their quality is essential. There are numerous studies of the water quality of the Rocha River carried out by various institutions that verified the increase in contamination in the body of water. However, the vulnerability for populations and ecosystems have not yet been identified for the entire basin. This research compiled and crossed the available information on anthropogenic activities, water quality, and population distribution to expose the impact on water quality and thus identify vulnerable populations in critical sectors of the Rocha River basin. This study is the base for formulating mitigation actions in the identified areas, to reduce the risk to public health and ecosystems.
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    Development and Application of a Methodology for the Identification of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones: A Case Study in the Virvini Micro-Basin, Tiraque, Bolivia
    (Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2023-03-23) Rodríguez-Levy, Inti E.; Centellas-Levy, Miguel A.; Ferreira, Wanderley J.; Touhidul Mustafa, Syed Md; Rivera-Rodriguez, Lilian; Gonzales Amaya, Andres; Huysmans, Marijke
    Groundwater plays a vital role in human consumption and irrigation in many parts of Bolivia; yet, the absence of policies to regulate its extraction and protect groundwater recharge areas has led to a decline in water tables and threatened food security. Some municipal initiatives have been implemented to develop regulations, but the lack of reliable hydrogeological data (such as aquifer geometry, groundwater level data, location of potential groundwater recharge zones, and flow dynamics) hinders their effective implementation. The case study presented herein focuses on a municipal policy in Tiraque, Bolivia, aimed at protecting groundwater recharge zones, in addition to the need for a reliable methodology for their technical identification. The EARLI approach (an acronym for “Enhanced Algorithm for Recharge based on the Rainfall and Land cover Inclusion”) is suggested as a participatory-simplified multi-criteria decision method to address the absence of hydrogeological data. This approach was adjusted to the basin’s specific conditions, including local vegetation communities and their influence on infiltration, and was applied as a pilot study in the Virvini micro-basin. The EARLI model emphasizes the spatial distribution of rainfall as an input indicator for potential recharge in addition to the biophysical characteristics of the catchment area. The methodology successfully mapped the degree of groundwater recharge potential and was validated by traditional hydrogeological models, field infiltration measurements, and the local community’s application of the tool. Therefore, the results of this study provide the necessary technical bases for groundwater-integrated management in Tiraque.